نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج
2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد سنجش از دور و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورز، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی کرج البرز ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Widespread cultivation of rice in Khuzestan province has a great impact on creating water stress in the catchment sub-basins of the province. In order to accurately plan water management at the macro level to create opportunities to Real water saving, this research aimed to determine the distribution crop mapping rice (CMR) for different managements of planting and irrigation (traditional cultivation with permanent flooding and dry farming with intermittent irrigation) From June to November 2023 in Khuzestan using vegetation, temperature and soil indicators and remote sensing data. In this research, the temporal-spatial variations of rice water consumption were evaluated and analyzed based on the value of actual water consumption (ETa) and productivity (WPET). The random forest algorithm with machine learning technique was used to clasify and achieve the rice cultivated area in provinc. Sentinel 2, Landsat 9 and WAPOR product bands were used to calculate the indices and WAPOR database was used in the GEE platform environment to determine ETa and WPET. The results showed that the area under rice cultivation for the traditional system in the entire province is 136,770 hectares and for the dry farming method, 43,172 hectares. In these conditions, the overall accuracy of rice field separation according to the type of cultivation was around 99.65% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.87. The total ETa of rice in the crop year of 2023 for Khuzestan province was estimated to be 1.62 billion cubic meters, so that the total ETa for the traditional cultivation method was 1.27 billion cubic meters and in the dry farming method, it was about 354 million cubic meters. The results showed that, although the farmers have tried to avoid crop yield reduction by managing daily irrigation in the last 45 days of the growth period, the weighted average of ETa reduction and WPET improvement in this technology compared to the traditional method respectively, 13% and 8% were estimated. Meanwhile, as long as the periodicity of irrigation (Irrigation round of 2 to 4 days) was observed in the dry farming method, the rate of ETa reduction and WPET improvement in this technology was 24% and 16%, respectively. The results of this research, compared to the field data resulting from the applied research works of the province, estimated the efficiency of water use in rice fields with traditional cultivation at 27% and for the dry farming method at 34%. This shows that if necessary, rice cultivation should be done by dry farming method with intermittent irrigation management and in areas that are in good condition in terms of soil, water, underground water level and drainage engineering. In this situation, it is suggested to use the dry farming system in combination with other modern technologies such as strip drip irrigation and conservation tillage and use of precise irrigation planning according to soil and plant profiles.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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