Preparation of Rice Water Productivity Maps Using Remote Sensing Methods in Khuzestan Watersheds

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Prof., Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, (AREEO), Ahwaz, Iran.

2 MSc in Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

Abstract

This research aimed to determine rice cultivation map (RCM) for different managements of planting and irrigation (traditional cultivation with permanent flooding and Khoshkeh-kari" with intermittent irrigation) from June to November 2023 in Khuzestan, using vegetation-, temperature- and soil-indicators and remote sensing data. In this research, the temporal-spatial variations of rice water consumption were evaluated and analyzed based on the value of actual water consumption (ETa) and water productivity (WPET). The Random Forest algorithm with Machine Learning technique was used to classify and achieve the rice cultivated area in the province. Sentinel 2, Landsat 9 and WAPOR product bands were used to calculate the indices and WAPOR database was used in the GEE platform environment to determine ETa and WPET. The results showed that the area under rice cultivation for the traditional system in the entire province is 136,770 ha and 43,172 ha for Khoshkeh-kari method. In these conditions, the overall accuracy of rice field separation according to the type of cultivation was around 99.65% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.87. The total ETa of rice in 2023 for Khuzestan Province was 1.62 BCM, with 1.27 BCM for the total ETa of the traditional cultivation and 354 MCM in Khoshkeh-kari. The results showed that, although the farmers tried to avoid crop yield reduction by daily irrigation in the last 45 days of the growth period, the weighted average of ETa reduction and WPET improvement in this technology compared to the traditional method was, respectively, 13% and 8%. Meanwhile, as long as the periodicity of irrigation (Irrigation interval of 2 to 4 days) was observed in the Khoshkeh-kari, the rate of ETa reduction and WPET improvement in this technology was 24% and 16%, respectively. The results of this research, compared to the field data resulting from the applied research works in the province, estimated the efficiency of water use in rice fields with traditional cultivation at 27% and for Khoshkeh-kari at 34%. This shows that if necessary, rice cultivation should be done by Khoshkeh-kari with intermittent irrigation management and in areas that are in good condition in terms of soil, water, underground water level and drainage engineering.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Water Research in Agriculture
Volume 38, Issue 4
February 2025
Pages 311-339

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