Evaluation of the Effect of Three Methods of Drip and Deep Subsurface Irrigation with Different Amounts of Water on Vegetative and Reproductive Characteristics of Orange Trees in Kerman

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Prof., Agricultural Engineering Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Jiroft, Iran

2 Researcher, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Jiroft, Iran.

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation and different methods of irrigation, a field factorial experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Station of South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. In this study, the effect of different levels of irrigation (100 % of evapotranspiration (ET) in total growing stages, 60-100 % ET, and 80 % ET, except in the flowering and fruit-filling stages) under three irrigation methods (deep subsurface irrigation, subsurface drip, and surface drip) were evaluated on orange trees vegetative and reproductive traits, yield, water use efficiency, and water saving. The results showed that application of deficit irrigation based on 80% water requirement increased water use efficiency and water saving, and reduced the vegetative growth compared to normal irrigation by 3.88%, 17%, and 13.87 %, respectively. With application of deficit irrigation, yield was reduced by 13.55% compared to normal irrigation, but this reduction was not statistically significant. Subsurface irrigation caused water saving, increased vegetative traits, yield and water use efficiency, compared to surface drip irrigation by 10%, 17.02%, 17.19%, and 29.62 %, respectively. Also, the results showed that application of deep subsurface deficit irrigation (80% ET) saved 889.58 m3 of water/ha. Therefore, it can be concluded that deep subsurface irrigation can prevent the decrease in the quantity and quality of the product while saving water consumption.

Keywords

References

  1. احمدپور، احمد. 1391. نشریه ترویجی نگرشی بر مرکبات در جنوب کرمان. مدیریت هماهنگی ترویج کشاورزی. سازمان جهاد کشاورزی جنوب استان کرمان. صص. 11.
  2. اسفندیاری، صمد. 1394. نشریه ترویجی آبیاری مرکبات. مدیریت هماهنگی ترویج سازمان جهاد کشاورزی جنوب استان کرمان. صص.22.
  3. اسدی کنگرشاهی، علی، و اخلاقی امیری، نگین.1395. سرمازدگی درختان میوه (مبانی، اصول و راهکارهای عملی کاهش خسارت)، جلد اول. انتشارات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران. صص. 180.
  4. پیری، حلیمه، انصاری، حسین، و پارسا، مهدی. 1395. بررسی عملکرد کمی و کیفی سورگوم علوفه‌ای در سطوح مختلف شوری و آب آبیاری در سامانه آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی. پژوهش آب در کشاورزی، 30، صص. 467-482. 322092/jwra.2017.109010 doi:
  5. صداقتی، ناصر، حسینی فرد، سید جواد، و محمدی محمدآبادی، اکبر. 1389. مقایسه اثرات دو سیستم آبیاری قطره­ای سطحی و زیر سطحی بر رشد و عملکرد درختان بارور پسته. نشریه آب و خاک. 26، صص.575-585. doi: JR_JSW-26-3_005
  6. عادلی ساردویی، محسن، اسدی، علی. کلانتری، خلیل، براتی، علی اکبر، و خسروی، حسن. 1399. پیش بینی نوسانات سطح آب زیرزمینی در دشت جیرفت و ارتباط آن با الگوی توسعه کشت محصولات باغی. نشریه علمی پژوهشی مهندسی آبیاری و آب ایران. 175، صص،44-194. 22125/iwe.2021.133758doi:
  7. کاظمی نژاد، احمدعلی، کارگر، علیرضا، کارگر، حسین، صدری، صدرالدین، دهقان، عباس، غضنفریان، ولی الله، و کبریایی، حسین. 1386. بررسی اثر آبیاری زیرسطحی در رشد و نمو درخت تاغ در مناطق بیابانی با استفاده از لوله­های سفالی. فصلنامه جنگل و مرتع،9، صص. 88-94.
  8. محمدی محمدآبادی، اکبر، حسینی فرد، سیدجواد، و صداقتی، ناصر. 1387. اثرات تغییر سیستم آبیاری از روش سنتی (غرقابی) به زیرسطحی بر درختان بارور پسته در کرمان. نشریه علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. 12، 29 - 45. 1001.1.24763594.1387.12.43.4.7doi:
  9. محمدی، اکبر. 1379. بررسی امکان تغییر روش آبیاری از سطحی به زیرسطحی و تعیین تاثیر سامانه بر روی میزان Early spilitting در درختان پسته بارور. گزارش پژوهشی مؤسسه تحقیقات پسته.
  10. Aguado, A., Frias, J., Garcıa-Tejero, I. Romero, F. Muriel, J. and Capote, N., 2012. Towards the improvement of fruit-quality parameters in citrus under deficit irrigation strategies. International Scholarly Research Network. International Scholarly Research Notices Agronomy, 96, PP. 1-9. doi:10.5402/2012/940896.
  11. Ahmed, T. F., Hashmi, H. N. and Ghumman., A. R., 2011. Performance assessment of subsurface drip irrigation 147 system using pipes of varying flexibility. Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 30(3), PP. 361-370. doi:5897/AJAR11.1178.
  12. Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D. and Smith, M., 1998. Crop evapotranspiration. Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper N. 56. FAO. Roma. Italy.
  13. Ballester, C., Castel, J., AbdEl-Mageed, T.A. Castel, J.R. and Intrigliolo, D.S., 2014. Longterm response of Clementina de Nules citrus trees to summer regulated deficit irrigation. Agricultural Water Management, 138, PP. 78-84. org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.03.003.
  14. Ballester, C., Castel, J., Intrigliolo, D.S. and Castel, J.R., 2011. Response of Clementina de Nules citrus trees to summer deficit irrigation. Yield components and fruit composition. Agricultural Water Management, 98(6), PP.1027-1032. org/10.1016/j.agwat.2011.01.011
  15. Berríos, P.   Temnani, A.   Zapata, S. Forcen‑Muñoz, M.   Antonio Franco, J. and  Pérez‑Pastor, A. 2023. Sensitivity to water defcit of the second stage of fruit growth in late mandarin trees. Irrigation Science, 41:35–47
  16. Chalmers, D.J., Mitchell, P.D. and Van Heek, L., 1981. Control of peach tree growth and productivity by regulated water supply. tree density and summer pruning. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 106, PP.307–312. /doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.106.3.307
  17. Doorenbos, J. and Pruitt, W.O. 1977., Crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24. FAO Rome. Italy.
  18. Davis, S. 1967. Subsurface Irrigation. Agricultural engineering. 48, PP.654-655.
  19. Dehghanisanij, H., E. Kanani and S. Akhavan., 2017. Evaluation of corn evapotranspiration and its components and relationship between leaf area index and components in surface and subsurface drip irrigation systems. Journal of Water and Soil, 56(1), PP.1549-1560. org/10.22067/jsw.v31i6.64019
  20. Gasque, M., Marti, P., Graneroc, B. and Gonzalez-Altozanod, P., 2016. Effects of long-term summer deficit irrigation on Navelina Citrus Agricultural Water Management, 169, PP. 140-147. doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.02.028.
  21. Gonzalez-Altozano, P. and Castel, J.R., 2015. Regulated deficit irrigation in Clementina de Nules citrus trees. II: Vegetative growth. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 75(4), PP.388-392.
  22. Garcia-Tejero, I., Jimenez-Bocanegra, J.A., Martinez, G. Romero, R. Duran-Zuazo, V.H. and Muriel-Fernandez, J.L., 2010. Positive impact of regulated deficit irrigation on yield and fruit quality in a commercial citrus orchard (Citrus sinensis (L.) osbeck, cv. Salustiana). Agricultural Water Management, 97, PP.614 622. org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.12.005
  23. Mustapha, A., Driss, B., Nadia, B. and Wydad, N., 2014. Opportunities and potential integration of irrigation and aquaculture in morocco. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research , 5, 57-63.
  24. Omima, M. El-Sayed, and Mohamed E. El-Hagarey., 2014. Evaluation of Ultra-low Drip Irrigation and Relationship between Moisture and Salts in Soil and Peach (pruns perssica) Yield. Journal of American Science, 10(8), PP.12-28.
  25. Perez-Pérez, J.G.,  Robles, J.M. and Botía, P., 2014. Effects of deficit irrigation in different fruit growth stages on ‘Star Ruby’ grapefruit trees in semi-arid conditions. Agricultural Water Management, 33, PP.44-54.

 doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2013.11.002

  1. Quinones, A., Folgado, C., Bacab, U. Alcantara, B. and Martinez, F., 2010. Water Productivity and Fruit Quality in Deficit Drip Irrigated Citrus Orchards. Irrigation Systems and Practices in Challenging Environments, 28, PP.33-58.
  2. Ruiz-Sanchez, M.C., Domingo, R. and Castel, J.R., 2010. Review. Deficit irrigation in fruit trees and vines in Spain. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(2), PP.5-20.
  3. Robles, J. M.,Botía, P, and Pérez-Pérez, J. G., 2016. Subsurface drip irrigation affects trunk diameter fluctuations in lemon trees, in comparison with surface drip irrigation. Agricultural Water Management, 165, PP.11-21. org/10.3390/agriculture14030377
  4. Talebnejad, R. and Sepaskhah, A., 2015. Effect of different saline groundwater depths and irrigation water salinities on yield and water use of quinoa in lysimeter. Agricultural Water Management,148, PP.177-188.

  doi.org/10.21083/978-1-7770541-1-3

  1. Valentín, F., Nortes, P.A., Domínguez, A. Sánchez, J.M. Intrigliolo, D.S. Alarcón, J.J. and López-Urrea, R., 2020. Comparing evapotranspiration and yield performance of maize under sprinkler, superficial and subsurface drip irrigation in a semi-arid environment. Irrigation Science, 38(1),PP. 105-115.
Journal of Water Research in Agriculture
Volume 38, Issue 3
December 2024
Pages 201-215

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics