Improvement of Rain Water Productivity in Producing Rainfed Wheat by Advanced Agronomic Scenarios and Limited Irrigation in Upper Karkheh River Basin

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

In order to evaluate the role of a limited irrigation and agronomic management scenarios on improving yield and rain water productivity (WP) of rainfed wheat, a field study was conducted at multiple farms of Honam (Lorestan Province) in the upper Karkheh River Basin (KRB), Iran. The calibrated and validated AquaCrop model was used to define the best management scenario in order to enhance yield and WP of rainfed wheat in upper KRB in 2013-2014. In the next step, the best management scenarios were carried out in three research fields of rainfed wheat in 2014-2015. In field experiments, the treatments included two main management (traditional and advanced management) and two levels of limited irrigation (rainfed, single irrigation of 60 mm at spring time). According to the best scenario of AquaCrop model, spring single irrigation with constant depth of 60 mm was applied at three times (the first, middle and end of flowering period). The result shows that under rainfed conditions, by using the advanced management, rain water productivity of wheat increased by 36% as compared to traditional management. The results of this study showed that a single irrigation application at spring time (during flowering stage) increased the average total water productivity of wheat to 0.70 kg m-3, an increase of 74% as compared to the traditional management. The optimum program was obtained by a combination of advanced agronomic management package with single irrigation of 60 mm at the middle of flowering stage, which increased yield and WP of rainfed wheat to 176% and 134%, respectively, as compared to traditional management. Results of field experiments were in good agreement with the proposed scenarios by AquaCrop model.

Keywords

References

  1. تاتاری، م.، م. ملک احمدی و ر. عباسی علی کمر. 1391. اﺛﺮ آﺑﻴﺎری ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﮔﻨﺪم دﻳﻢ. ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻬﺎی زراﻋﻲ اﻳﺮان. 10(2):448-455.
  2. تدین، م. ر. و ی. امام، 1386. اثر آبیاری تکمیلی و مقدار فراهمی آب بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک دو رقم گندم دیم. مجله پژوهشی علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. سال 11، 42: 145-156.
  3. توکلی ع. ر.، ش. اشرفی، 1390. نقش کم آبیاری و مدیریت برتر زراعی در افزایش بهره وری آب در کشت نرمال گندم دیم در مزارع زارعین در اراضی بالادست حوضه کرخه. گزارش پژوهشی نهایی موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی. به شماره ثبت 39465.
  4. توکلی، ع. ر.، ع. لیاقت، ا. علیزاده، ش. اشرفی، ذ. اویس و م. پارسی نژاد. 1389. بهبود بهره وری بارش در تولید گندم دیم با اعمال گزاره های بهبود در سطح مزارع زارعین در منطقه سردسیر بالادست حوضه کرخه. نشریه آبیاری و زهکشی ایران، 2(4):297-307.
  5. خلیلی، ن.، ک. داوری، ا. عیزاده، م. کافی و ح. انصاری. 1393. ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺳﺎزی ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﮔﻨﺪم دﻳﻢ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪل ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ آﻛﻮاﻛﺮاپ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردی اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻛﺸﺎورزی دﻳﻢ ﺳﻴﺴﺎب، ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ. نشریه آب و خاک (علوم و صنایع کشاورزی)، 28(5):930-939.
  6. روستایی، م.، د. صادق زاده اهری، ح. م. حسن­پور حسنی، ع. امیری، ع. حق پرست، ع. حسامی، ک. سلیمانی، ن. بنی صدر ، ه. پاشاپور، م. عظیم زاده، م. ترابی، ع. غفاری، غ. ر. عابدی اصل و ک. نادرمحمودی. 1379. معرفی رقم جدید گندم نان، آذر2.  مجله علمی پژوهشی به نژادی نهال و بذر، 16(2) :263-266
  7. سپه­وند، م. 1390. مطالعات نیمه­تفصیلی خاک­شناسی و طبقه­بندی اراضی حوضه هنام الشتر (استان لرستان). گزارش نهایی پروژه تحقیقاتی. موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب. 53 صفحه.
  8. طلیعی، ع. ا. و ن. بهرامی. 1382. بررسی تأثیر بارندگی و درجه حرارت بر عملکرد گندم دیم در استان کرمانشاه. مجله علوم آب و خاک، 17(1):106-112.
  9. ﻣﺤﻤﺪی، م.، ک. داوری، ب. قهرمان، ح. انصاری و ا. حق وردی. 1394. واﺳﻨﺠﯽ و ﺻﺤﺖﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻣﺪل AquaCrop ﺑﺮای ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزی ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﻬﺎره ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺷﻮری و خشکی. ﻧﺸﺮﯾﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ آب در ﮐﺸﺎورزی. 29(3): 277-295.
  10. مرادمند، ر. 1376. بررسی آبیاری تکمیلی و میزان بذر روی عملکرد گندم در شرایط دیم در شهر کرد. گزارش نهایی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی چهار محال و بختیاری.
  11. نخجوانی مقدم، م. م.، ب، قهرمان، ک. داوری، ا. علیزاده، ح. دهقانی سانیج، ع. ر. توکلی. 1395. شبیه­سازی عملکرد گندم در شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی و ارائه سناریوهای برتر مدیریتی در بالادست حوضه کرخه. نشریه آبیاری و زهکشی ایران، در دست چاپ.

 

  1. Anderson, W. K. 2010. Closing the gap between actual and potential yield of rainfed wheat. The impacts of environment, management and cultivar. Field Crops Research.116(1-2):14-22.
  2. Batten, G.H., and M.A. Khan. 1987. Effect of time of sowing on grain yield, nutrient uptake of wheat with contrasting phenology.Aust.J.Agric.27: 881-887.
  3. Ehdaie B. and J.G. Waines. 1996. Genetic variation for contribution of parenthesis assimilates to grain yield in spring wheat. Journal of Genetic Breeding, 50: 47-55.
  4. Erekul, O., K.P. Gotz, and T. Gurbuz. 2012. Effect of supplemental irrigation on yield and breadmaking quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under the Mediterranean climatical conditions. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 17(1):78-86.
  5. Farahani, H. and T. Oweis. 2008. Chapter I- Agricultural Water Productivity in Karkheh River Basin. In: Oweis, T., Farahani, H., Qadir, M., Anthofer, J., Siadat, H., Abbasi F., and Bruggeman A., (Eds). Improving On-farm Agricultural Water Productivity in the Karkheh River Basin. Research Report no. 1: A Compendium of Review Papers. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. IV+103 pp.
  6. Fischer. R. A. 1973. The effect of water stress at various stage of development on yield response in wheat. In. E, Q, Stayter (ed). Plant response to climatic factors. Pro e-Uppsala sump UN ESCO. Paris. Pp. 223-241.
  7. Garcia-Vila, M., E. Fereres, L. Mateos, F. Orgaz, and P. Steduto. 2009. Deficit irrigation optimization of Cotton with AquaCrop. Agronomy Journal, 101: 477-487.
  8. Geerts S., D. Raes, M. Garcia, R. Miranda, J.A. Cusicanqui, C. Taboada, J. Mendoza, R. Huanaca, A. Mamani, O. Condori, J. Mamani, B. Morales, V. Osco, and P. Steduto. 2009. Simulating Yield Response to Water of Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) With FAO-AquaCrop. J. Agron. 101, 499–508.
  9. Hatfield, J.L., T.J. Sauer, and J.H. Prueger. 2001. Managing soils to achieve greater water use efficiency. Agron J, 93:271–280.
  10. Jin X-l, Feng H-k, Zhu X-k, Li Z-h, Song S-n, et al. 2014. Assessment of the AquaCrop Model for Use in Simulation of Irrigated Winter Wheat Canopy Cover, Biomass, and Grain Yield in the North China Plain. PLoS ONE 9(1): e86938. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086938
  11. Mkhabela, M.S. and P.R. Bullock. 2012. Performance of the FAO AquaCrop model for wheat grain yield and soil moisture simulation in Western Canada. J. of Agric. Water Manag., 110: 16–24.
  12. Oweis T. 1997. Supplemental irrigation: a highly efficient water-use practice. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. 16 p.
  13. Oweis, T. and A. Hachum. 2004. Water harvesting and supplemental irrigation for improved water productivity fordry farming systems in West Asia and North Africa. ICARDA. Aleppo. Syria for Presentation at the 4thInternational Crop Science Congress 26 Sept. to 1 Oct
  14. Oweis, T. and A. Hachum. 2003. Improving water productivity in the dry areas of west Asia and north Africa CAB International, water productivity in agriculture: Limits and Opportunities for improvement (eds Kijne, J.W., Barker, R., Molden, D.), Pp: 179-198.
  15. Oweis, T. and A. Hachum. 2012. Supplemental irrigation, a highly efficient water-use practice. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. iv + 28 pp.
  16. Oweis, T., A. Hachum and J. Kijne. 1999. Water harvesting and supplementary irrigation for improved water use Efficiency in dry areas. System-Wide Initiative on Water Management Paper 7. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute.
  17. Oweis, T., and A. Hachum. 2009. Optimizing supplemental irrigation: Tradeoffs between profitability and sustainability. Agric. Water Manage. 96 (3): 511-516.
  18. Sayadyan, K., and A.A. Tallie. 2000. The effect of supplemental irrigation on rainfed wheat. Iranian J. Soil & Water Sci., 14(1): 57–68.
  19. Steduto, P., T.C. Hsiao, D. Raes, and E. Fereres. 2009. AquaCropThe FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water: I. Concepts and underlying principles. Agron. J. 101:426–437.
  20. Tavakkoli, A. R. and T. Y. Owise. 2002. The role of supplemental irrigation and nitrogen in producing bread wheat in the highlands of Iran. Agric. Water Manag. 65:225-236.
  21. Tavakkoli, A.R., and T. Oweis. 2004. The role of supplemental irrigation and nitrogen in producing bread wheat in the highlands of Iran. Agricultural Water Management. 65:225-236.
  22. Tavakoli, A. R., T. Oweis, Sh. Ashrafi, H. Asadi, H. Siadat, and A. Liaghat. 2010. Improving rainwater productivity with supplemental irrigation in upper Karkheh river basin of Iran. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). Aleppo. Syria. 123pp
  23. Tavakoli, A., A. Liaghat, T. Oweis, and A. Alizadeh. 2012. The role of limited irrigation and advanced magement on improving water productivity of rainfed wheat at semi-cold region of upper Karkheh River Basin, Iran. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. Available online at www.ijagcs.com. IJACS/2012/4-14/939-948.

20.              Gupta, N.K., S. Gupta, and A. Kumar. 2001. Effect of water stress on physiological attributes and their relationship with growth and yield of wheat cultivars at different stages. Wheat, Barley and Triticale Abstracts. 18: 497.

24.              Momeni, R., M.R. Behbahani, M.H. Nazarifar, and B. Azadegan. 2008. Zoning of water productivity of wheat by CropSyst crop model in different water periods (case study: Karkheh watershed). Iranian J. of Irrigation and Drainage, 2(1): 63-70.

31.              Pala, M., and C. Studer. 1999. Cropping systems management for improved water use efficiency in dryland agriculture. Paper presented at the International Conference on Water Resource Conversation and Management in Dry Areas, 3-6 Dec. 1999, Amman, Jordan.

36.              Tavakoli, A. R., M. Mahdavi Moghaddam and A. R. Sepaskhah. 2015. Evaluation of the AquaCrop model for barley production under deficit irrigation and rainfed condition in Iran. Agric. Water Manage., 161:136–146.

39.              Tavakoli, A.R., 2005. Determining optimal single irrigation amount and planting date of five wheat varieties at rainfed condition. Final research Report, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (DARI), Maragheh, Iran.

40.              Zhang, B. C., G. B. Huang and F. M. Li. 2007. Effect of limited single irrigation on yield of winter wheat and spring maize relay intercropping. Pedosphere. 17(4):529-537.

Journal of Water Research in Agriculture
Volume 30, Issue 3
November 2016
Pages 301-315

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics