Effect of Sprinkler Irrigation System on Optimal Nitrogen Fertigation and Seeding Density in Wheat Cultivars

 
Up to now, interactions between method and amount of nitrogen fertilizers application on plant density and variety of wheat under sprinkler irrigation systems have not been studied. Thus, this research was conducted during two years in Esfehan region with split factorial design. The treatments of this experiment were: Three fertilizers application methods (conventional manual application at the recommended rate, fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation system at the recommended rate, and fertigation with sprinkler irrigation method at 70 % of the recommended rate), three wheat varieties (Pishtaz, Shiraz, and Bahar), and three plant densities (300, 400, and 500 seed per square meter). In this study, the amount of water use, fertilizer requirement in case of fertigation, suitable density and variety of wheat under these conditions were determined and recommended for the region. Results showed that there were no significant differences in quantity of yield among the three fertilizer application methods. Mean grain yield in F₁, F₂,and F₃ were 6914 and 7720 kg/ha for the first and second years, respectively. The amounts of grain produced per one kg applied urea were 17.51, 17.92, and 23.44 kg for the first year and 15.39, 15.54 and 22.78 kg for the second year in the three fertilizer treatments, respectively. Therefore, the nitrogen use efficiency in fertigation with 70% of the recommended rate (F3) was high. Mean grain yield for the inestigated varieties indicated that, in sprinkler irrigation, the most suitable variety were Bahar and Pishtaz, respectively.