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Leila Vahedi; Leila Zolikhaei sayyar; Mehrdad Pouya
Abstract
Drought and flood are the consequences of climate change. However, establishing public participation through water cooperatives is one of the most important recent measures in the face of climate change. The purpose of this research was to analyze some mechanisms affecting the sustainable development ...
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Drought and flood are the consequences of climate change. However, establishing public participation through water cooperatives is one of the most important recent measures in the face of climate change. The purpose of this research was to analyze some mechanisms affecting the sustainable development of water cooperatives thru a case study of Dehestan-e Satar, Songhor and Kolyayi County. This quantitative applied research was a survey in terms of method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the theoretical framework and a review of the related literature. The reliability of the questionnaire was checked and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, after using the opinions of the experts of the Kermanshah Province Jihad-e Agriculture Organization plus the board members of water users cooperatives to secure its validity. Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the hypotheses and analyze the data. For this purpose, Smart PLS3 and SPSS23 software were used. The statistical population of the research were all the members of the water users cooperatives in Satar Plain whose total population was 472 people. The sample participants (n=211) were selected through stratified sampling method and using the Cochran's formula. According to the results of the path analysis and research hypothesis testing, legal mechanisms with the path coefficient of (β=0.257) had a positive and significant effect on the sustainable development of the cooperatives. Also, the results showed that educational mechanisms (β=0.233), support mechanisms (β=0.214), relational mechanisms (β=0.203), and policy-making mechanisms (β = 0.147) had a positive and significant effect on the sustainable development of Dehestan-e Satar Water Users Cooperative.
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reza saeidi; AbdolMajid Liaghat
Abstract
This research aimed to simulate the yield of maize cv. S. C 704 under conditions of separate application of salinity stress at different growth stages in mini-lysimeter, in Qazvin area, Iran. The experiment was performed as factorial and in a completely randomized design. Soil salinity treatments, as ...
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This research aimed to simulate the yield of maize cv. S. C 704 under conditions of separate application of salinity stress at different growth stages in mini-lysimeter, in Qazvin area, Iran. The experiment was performed as factorial and in a completely randomized design. Soil salinity treatments, as the main factor, included four levels of 1.7(S1), 3(S2), 5(S3) and 7(S4) dS.m-1. The sub-factors included different growth stages as follows: one-stage at 6-leaves (C1), flowering (C2), and milk stage (C3); and two-stages of C1C2, C1C3 and C2C3. By combining saline water (from a salt marsh) with a well fresh water (0.5 dS.m-1), saline water was prepared according to the treatments. Irrigation was done in a way that the salinity of input and output water from the mini-lysimeters was equal. The control treatment was irrigated with fresh water. By combining the water uptake reduction functions, the derived models were presented and evaluated for simulating yield reduction coefficient (α). The stress application data in one and two-growth stages were used for models calibration and validation, respectively. Applying the highest salinity level led to decrease in dry matter yield from 157.2 g. plant-1 (in S1 treatment) to 115.9, 53.2, 77.7, 86.1, 97 and 46.5 g. plant-1 in the C1, C2, C3, C1C2, C1C3 and C2C3 treatments, respectively. The results showed that crop sensitivity was different in one-stage and two-stage stress application. Salinity stress at flowering (C2) and milk stage (C3) had a more negative effect relative to C1C2 and C1C3. In this research, Van Genuchten's additive model and Dirksen-Maas-Hoffman's multipliable model could be recommended as the optimal models for crop yield simulation. Also, application of two-stage salinity stress (up to level of 7 dS.m-1) in C1C2 and C1C3, had higher yield relative to application of one-stage stress in C2 and C3 growth stages.
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Neda Alizadeh; Hamid Reza Vojdani; Alireza Nikoee
Abstract
Many problems are encountered in the implementation of new irrigation systems with government subsidy, and the issuance of licenses is not an exception to this rule. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to identify optimal solutions for the process of issuing permits for the implementation of ...
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Many problems are encountered in the implementation of new irrigation systems with government subsidy, and the issuance of licenses is not an exception to this rule. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to identify optimal solutions for the process of issuing permits for the implementation of these systems. The statistical population of the research consisted of the applicants who registered their application in the five selected provinces of Hamedan, Fars, Zanjan, Khorasan-Razavi, and Kermanshah during 2019-2021 (N1=150) and the corresponding experts working on licensing new irrigation systems (N2=100). The research method was focus group and in-depth structured interviews. According to the results, the most important problems in the licensing process included: failure to perform work in a suitable and integrated system, the differences in the process of carrying out the project in different provinces, lack of familiarity and insufficient initial justification for the applicants, strictness and delay in determining the assignment of inquiries, and existence of some redundant and eliminable steps during the process. Based on this, the most important proposed solutions are: carrying out all process steps in a smart and integrated system, providing consultation to the applicant at the stage of filing and justification by reviewing the applicant's documents and facilities, removing unnecessary items in the process, paying the subsidy dynamically, applying an intelligent monitoring system with active feedback for all stages and all actors in the plan, and determining the time frame for each action. Within the system, the most important authorities to solve these problems are the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad and Agricultural Jihad Organizations of the provinces; and the external responsible authorities are mainly Plan and Budget Organization, banks, and the agricultural engineering system.
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mohammad Reza mahboobi; Mahdieh Bazzi; Mohammad Sharif Sharifzadeh; jaber pariab
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to identify the barriers and the support needed for farmers' participation in the water transfer and distribution plan in the agricultural lands of Sistan Plain. The study included qualitative methods of data collection, such as reviewing documents related to the plan, ...
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The purpose of this research was to identify the barriers and the support needed for farmers' participation in the water transfer and distribution plan in the agricultural lands of Sistan Plain. The study included qualitative methods of data collection, such as reviewing documents related to the plan, and quantitative method of data collection by using a questionnaire. The validity of the content was confirmed by interviewing some experts of Zabul Agricultural Jihad and the research team, and the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha (0.887) for barriers to participation, and farmers' required support for participation in the project (0.973). The statistical population consisted of farmers in Sistan plain (N = 6000), 360 of whom were selected as the sample of the study. Factor analysis of barriers to farmers' participation in the water conveyance project resulted in the extraction of four factors: "trust", "information and knowledge", "inefficiency and deficiency" and "climate and drought conditions"; and these factors explained 57.9% of the total variance of the variables. Also, factor analysis of the support needed by farmers to participate in the water transfer project resulted in the extraction of three factors: "technical and institutional support", "emotional support" and "legal support"; and these factors explained 67.3% of the total variance of the variables.