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Majid Smaeli; Hamid Madani; Bahram Majdnasiri; Saeed Chavoshi; Noorali Sajedi
Abstract
To investigate sensitivity indicators of five new sunflower cultivars under water stress conditions in terms of drought tolerance (DT) and water use efficiency (WUE), a split plot experiment based on the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in 2020 in the Braun ...
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To investigate sensitivity indicators of five new sunflower cultivars under water stress conditions in terms of drought tolerance (DT) and water use efficiency (WUE), a split plot experiment based on the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in 2020 in the Braun Area of Isfahan Province, Iran. The surface irrigation treatments included three levels based on evaporation from class A evaporation pan: 90 (no-stress), 120 (mild stress), and 150 mm (severe stress), as the main factor, and sunflower hybrids Chiara, Oscar, Fantasia, Hysun33, and Shams, as the secondary factors. Indicators such as economic yield (EY), biological yield (BY), WUE, harvest index (HI) and DT were analyzed. The highest rates of HI (43%), WPe (4854 kg.ha-1), and BY (13457 kg.ha-1) were obtained from no-stress treatment, followed by 120 mm treatment. Among the cultivars, Fantasia variety with BY equal to 12268 kg.ha-1, economic yield (4081kg.ha-1), and HI of 43% had the highest values. The highest WUE was obtained in the conditions of mild stress and severe stress equal to 0.85 and 0.72 kg.m-3, respectively. Among sunflower cultivars, the highest WUE belonged to Hysun 33 with 1.04 kg.m-3. Fantasia with 0.96 kg.m-3and Shams with 0.84 kg.m-3 ranked next. Also, the lowest values of WUE were related to Oscar and Chiara cultivars with values of 0.81 and 0.75 kg.m-3, respectively. In total, deficit irrigation in the 120 mm treatment had the least negative effect on yield and harvest index, and it was suitable in terms of WUE. Finally, Fantasia showed the highest BY, DT, and HI with suitable WUE.
fatemaeh hajiabadi; Farzad Hassan Pour; Mostafa Yaghoubzadeh; Hossin Homami; Seyed Mohsen seyedi
Abstract
Salinity and drought stress are the most important factors that limit plant growth, especially in dry and semi-arid regions. To investigate the effects of irrigation water levels and salinity on yield and yield components of wheat cultivar Sirvan, a factorial experiment was conducted in a complete randomized ...
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Salinity and drought stress are the most important factors that limit plant growth, especially in dry and semi-arid regions. To investigate the effects of irrigation water levels and salinity on yield and yield components of wheat cultivar Sirvan, a factorial experiment was conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications in the research field of agricultural faculty of the University of Birjand during the growing season of 2017-18. The treatments included irrigation at four levels (125%, 100%, 75%, and 50% water requirement) and water salinity in three levels (1.6 dS.m-1, 6 dS.m-1, and 7.8 dS.m-1). The results showed that yield components, biological yield, and grain yield of wheat were affected by water irrigation levels and water salinity. Moreover, these treatment significantly reduced the yield components, harvest index, and water use efficiency (WUE). In biological and grain yield of wheat, the highest and the lowest amounts belonged to 125% water requirement × salinity of 1.6 dS m-1 by 1535and 588.76 g m-2, respectively. In biological yield and grain yield, there was no significant difference observed between 125% wheat water requirement × salinity’s of 1.6% dS.m-1 and 100% water requirement × salinity of 1.6% dS.m-1 treatments. Biological and grain yield of wheat decreased to 65% in 50% water requirement × salinity of 7.8 dS m-1 compared with 125% water requirement × salinity of 1.6% dS.m-1. According to results of this experiment, 125% and 100% water requirement treatments had the highest biological and grain yield. Although 125% wheat water requirement had the highest value in all traits but they were not significant compared to 100% water requirement treatment. In water salinity treatments, non-stress levels had the best performance. According to the results of this study, to avoid salt accumulation in the root zone under saline water irrigation and to decrease negative salinity effects, irrigation must be applied based on wheat water requirement.
Pooya Aalaee Bazkiaei; Behnam Kamkar; Ebrahim Amiri; Hossin Kazemi; Mojtaba Rezaei
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of irrigation intervals and different planting dates on the yield and yield components of rice. A split-plot design based on randomized complete block design was used with three replications, at Rice Research Institute of Iran (Rasht) in 2016 and ...
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This study was carried out to investigate the effects of irrigation intervals and different planting dates on the yield and yield components of rice. A split-plot design based on randomized complete block design was used with three replications, at Rice Research Institute of Iran (Rasht) in 2016 and 2017. The main factor was irrigation at four levels (full flooding, 5, 10 and 15 days irrigation intervals) and the secondary factor was planting date at three levels (April 21, May 11, and May 31). The results of analysis of variance showed that irrigation and planting date had a significant effect on the yield of rice at 1% probability level. The highest amount of biological yield was obtained in full flooding and 5-day irrigation interval, with an average of 10960 and 10238 kg/ha, respectively, and in May 11 and April 21 planting dates with an average of 10553 and 10397 kg/ha, respectively. The highest 100-grain weight was obtained in May 11 and May 31 planting dates, the maximum number of panicle per plant was observed in full flooding treatment, and in May 11 planting date and the highest number of filled grains was observed in full flooding treatment. The maximum number of hollow grains was observed in 15 and 10-day irrigation intervals and May 31 planting date. The results showed that the full flooding irrigation with a yield of 4271 kg/ha had the highest grain yield. The 10 and 15 days irrigation intervals had less grain yield than flood treatment and 5-day irrigation interval treatments. In two years of the experiment, the planting date of May 11 had the highest grain yield with an average of 3820 kg/ha. In this experiment, the May 11 planting date had the most favorable environmental conditions for growth and had a good yield-stability.
alireza vahidi; amin alizadeh; amin baghizadeh; Hossein Ansari
Abstract
In order to study the effect of biofertilizers, chemical fertilizers, and water deficit stress on biological yield, lawsone content, and root colonization with mycorrhiza in henna[1] an experiment was conducted at research greenhouse of Bam University in 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. The treatments ...
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In order to study the effect of biofertilizers, chemical fertilizers, and water deficit stress on biological yield, lawsone content, and root colonization with mycorrhiza in henna[1] an experiment was conducted at research greenhouse of Bam University in 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. The treatments included fertilizers (without any fertilizer (), humic acid (), application of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (), vermicompost (), and chemical fertilizer () and water deficit levels (100% water requirement (I1), 80% W.R (I2), and 60% (I3). The treatments were arranged as factorial in a randomized complete blocks design with fifteen treatments and three replications. Results showed that the highest weight of dry leaf, no. of leaves, and biological yield were obtained with application of mycorrhizae and vermicompost treatment under full irrigation (). With increasing stress severity, the highest weight of dry leaf (0.153g), no. of leaves (171), and plant height (120.33 cm) were obtained in , largest number of nodules (63) in (), and maximum biological yield (5.21 g/plant), total lawsone content (69.6 mg/g), and colonization with roots (82.2%) was obtained with application of mycorrhizae and vermicompost treatment under 60% water requirement i.e. treatment. It seems that biofertilizers can be considered as a replacement for chemical fertilizers in henna medicinal plant production. [1]- Lawsonia inermis